Plane-Stress/Plate Stresses

Check the stress distribution of plane-stress elements or plate elements in Contours.

From the Main Menu select Results > Stresses > Plane-Stress/Plate Stresses.

Select Results > Stresses > Plane-Stress/Plate Stresses in the Menu tab of the Tree Menu.

Click Plane-Stress/Plate Stresses in the Icon Menu.

Load Cases/Combinations

Select a desired load case, load combination or envelope case.

Click to the right to enter new or modify existing load combinations. (Refer to "Load Cases / Combinations")

Step
Specify the step for which the analysis results are to be produced. The Step is defined in geometric nonlinear analysis as Load Step, and additional steps are defined in the construction stages of highrise buildings or heat of hydration analyses.

Note 1
The Construction Stage applicable for the output of the construction stage analysis is defined in Select Construction Stage for Display or Stage Toolbar.

Note 2

When pushover analysis is performed for a structure containing Plate, Plane Stress or Solid elements, the pushover analysis results for Plate, Plane Stress or Solid elements can be produced by Steps.

 

Stress Options

Define options necessary to draw the stresses.

Local: Display the stresses with respect to the element's local coordinate system.

UCS: Display the stresses with respect to User Coordinate System.

 

Element
Display the contour using the element stresses calculated at each node of the elements.

Avg. Nodal
Display the contour using the average nodal stresses of the contiguous elements sharing the common nodes.

Avg. Nodal Active Only
Execute Avg. Nodal for only currently active elements.

Top
Display stresses at the top side of plate elements. The top side refers to the upper extreme fiber in the element's local z-direction.

Bottom
Display stresses at the bottom side of plate elements. The bottom side refers to the lower extreme fiber in the element's local z-direction.

Both Sides
Display simultaneously stresses at the top and bottom sides considering the thickness of the plate elements. The stresses through the thickness of the plate elements are linearly interpolated.

Abs Max
Display only the maximum absolute values of the stresses at the top and bottom surfaces.

Components

Select the desired stress component among the following:

For UCS

Sig-XX: Axial stress in GCS X-direction

Sig-YY: Axial stress in GCS Y-direction

Sig-ZZ: Axial stress in GCS Z-direction

Sig-XY: Shear stress in GCS X-Y plane

Sig-YZ: Shear stress in GCS Y-Z plane

Sig-XZ: Shear stress in GCS X-Z plane

Sig-Max: Maximum Principal Stress

Sig-Min: Minimum Principal Stress

Sig-EFF: Effective stress (von-Mises Stress)

Max-Shear: Maximum shear stress (Tresca Stress)

 

For Local

Sig - xx: Axial stress in the element's local x-direction (Perpendicular to local y-z plane)

Sig - yy: Axial stress in the element's local y-direction (Perpendicular to local x-z plane)

Sig - xy: Shear stress in the element's local x - y plane (In-plane shear stress)

Vector: Display the maximum and minimum principal stresses in vectors

Vector Scale Factor: Drawing scale for the vector diagram

 

Type of Display

Define the type of display as follows :

Contour

Display the stresses of plane-stress/plate elements in contour.

 

Ranges: Define the contour ranges.

: Assign the color distribution range of contour. Using the function, specific colors for specific ranges can be assigned.

Note
Contour Range Max/Min values can be larger than the max/min output values.  If the Contour Range values exceed the output values, they are entered at Rank 0 and Rank 11.

Number of Colors: Assign the number of colors to be included in the contour (select among 6, 12, 18, 24 colors)
 

Colors: Assign or control the colors of the contour.

Color Table: Assign the type of Colors.

: Control the colors by zones in the contour.

Reverse Contour: Check on to reverse the sequence of color variation in the contour.

Contour Line: Assign the boundary line color of the contour

Element Edge: Assign the color of element edges while displaying the contour
 

Contour Options: Specify options for contour representation

Contour Fill

Gradient Fill: Display color gradient (shading) in the contour.

Draw Contour Lines: Display color boundaries in the contour.

Draw Contour Line Only
Display only the colored boundaries of the contour.

Mono line: Display the boundaries of the contour in a mono color.

Contour Annotation
Legend or annotation signifying the ranges of the contour is displayed.

Spacing: Specify the spacing of the legend or annotation.

Coarse Contour (faster) (for large plate or solid model)
Represent a simplified contour for a large model using plate or solid elements in order to reduce the time required to represent a complete contour.

Extrude
Where plate elements or solid elements along a cutting plane are represented in contour, a three dimensional contour is created. The positive direction of the analysis results is oriented in the z-axis direction of the local element coordinate system.
The option is not concurrently applicable with the Deformed Shape option. Similarly, the option cannot be concurrently applied to the cases where the Hidden option is used to display plate element thicknesses or the Both option is used to represent Top & Bottom member forces (stresses).

 

Deform

Display the deformed shape of the model.

 

Deformation Scale Factor
Magnify or reduce the size of the displacement graphically displayed in the model window.
 

Deformation Type
Select the type of display for displacement

Nodal Deform: Display the deformed shape only with nodal displacements.
 

Real Displacement (Auto-Scale off): The true deformation of the structure is graphically represented without magnifying or reducing it. This option is typically used for geometric nonlinear analysis reflecting large displacement.
 

Relative Displacement: The deformation of the structure is graphically represented relative to the minimum nodal displacement, which is set to ??

 

Values

Display the stresses of plain-stress/plate elements in numerical values.
The font and color of the numbers can be controlled in Display Option.

 

Decimal Points: Assign decimal points for the displayed numbers

Exp.: Express as exponentials
 

Min & Max: Display the maximum and minimum values

Abs Max: Display the absolute maximum value

Max: Display only the maximum value

Min: Display only the minimum value

Limit Scale (%): Set the screen display limit for stresses in plain-stress/plate elements relative to the selected maximum or minimum value
 

Set Orientation: Display orientation of numerical values

Note
The default Decimal Points can be controlled in "Preferences".
Set Orientation = 0 horizontally displays the numerical values to the right of nodes or elements.
The orientation angle represents the counter-clockwise direction, which may be used to enhance the readability of the numbers.

 

Legend

Display various references related to analysis results to the right or left of the working window.

Legend Position: Position of the legend in the display window

Rank Value Type: Specify a type of values in the Legend and the number of decimal points.

Animate

Dynamically simulate the stresses of the plain-stress/plate elements.
Click then click Record to the right of the Animation control board at the bottom of the working window.

 

Animation Mode: Determine the type of animation for analysis results.

Animate Contour: Option to change the color of the contour representing the transition according to the magnitudes of variation

Repeat Half/Full Cycle: Select the repetition cycle for the dynamic representation of the transition

Note
Select 'Half Cycle' for the transient shapes of a structure and 'Full Cycle' for dynamically simulating vibration modes or buckling modes.
 

AVI Options: Enter the options required to produce the animation window.

Bits per Pixel: Number of bits per pixel to create the default window for animation

: Assign the method of compressing image data

Frames per Half Cycle (3~300): Number of frames to simulate a 'Half Cycle'

Frames per Second (5~60): Number of frames per second to present dynamic simulation
 

Construction Stage Option: Select the animation options when the construction stage analysis is performed.

Stage Animation: Animations by construction stages

Current Stage-Step: Animations by Steps in the current construction stage

From ~ To: Starting and ending construction stages or steps for animations
 

Undeformed

Overlap the undeformed and deformed shapes of the model.

 

Mirrored

"Mirrored" allows the user to expand the analysis results obtained from a half or quarter model into the results for the full model by reflecting planes.

 

Half Model Mirroring

Quarter Model Mirroring

Mirror by: Specify the mirror plane (s) by designating a plane and a coordinate in the direction perpendicular to the plane in GCS.

 

Yield Point

If the analysis results produced by material nonlinear analysis exceed the yield stress of Plastic Material defined in Initial Uniaxial Yield Stress, Hinge is produced at Gauss Point.

 

 

Note 1

Yield Point is applicable in Plane Stress Elements and Plate Elements.

 

Note 2

For displaying Yield Points on a Plate Element, a Laminated Shell model with 7 layers has been used in order to consider material nonlinear analysis. To check the yield state of Gauss Points, ?, 1?is applied from bottom to top. ??represents the state of elasticity and ??the state of yielding. For rectangular or triangular elements, the method of displaying ?, 1?is identical.

 

 

 

Rectangular Element

Triangular Element

 

 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    

 Cutting Diagram

Graphically display the stresses of the plain-stress/plate elements along the cutting line or plane.

Click to access the detail setting dialog box to define the cutting line or plate required to produce and view the element stresses.

 

 

Plate Cutting Diagram dialog box

 

Plate Cutting Diagram Mode

Cutting Line: Produce a graph along a cutting line

Cutting Plane: Produce a graph along the line of intersection of the cutting plane and plate elements

 

When Cutting Line is selected

Defined Cutting Lines

List of defined cutting lines

: Add the information contained in the Cutting Line Detail to the list of Defined Cutting Lines

: Delete a defined Cutting Line

: Modify a defined Cutting Line

 

Cutting Line Detail

Define a Cutting Line.

Name: Name of a Cutting Line

Pnt1: Start point of the Cutting Line

Pnt2: End point of the Cutting Line

 

Options

Specify the display color and the plane on which the graph is produced

Normal: Display the graph in the normal direction of the elements' plane

In Plane: Display the graph in the in-plane direction of the elements' plane
 

Scale Factor: Scale factor for diagram output ratio
 

Reverse: Express the Diagram in the reverse direction.

Graph

Produce the output in a Graph Window ( valid only if 'Cutting lines' is selected).

 

Access the Plate Cutting Diagram Mode dialog box to determine the type of Graph Window.

Draw graphs on separate panes : Graphs pertaining to different Cutting Lines/Planes produced separately

Draw graphs on All in one pane : All the graphs pertaining to different Cutting Lines/Planes simultaneously produced in one graph

X-axis : Define the X-axis of the graph

Distance from Pnt1 : Distance from the first point

Global X coord.

Global Y coord.

Global Z coord.

Value Output: Produce the output in values.

MinMax Only: Show only the maximum and minimum values when Value Output is selected.

 

When Cutting Plane is selected

Named Planes for Cutting

Select a plane from the defined planes and UCS x-y, x-z & y-z planes

 

Plate Cutting Plane Detail

Normal to plate : Consider a Cutting Plane parallel to the Local Element Coordinate System z-axis of the elements' plane

On cutting plane surface : Consider a Cutting Plane as per a defined plane

Draw continuous lines : Display the graphs for plain-stress/plate elements placed on different planes in a continuous line.

 

Scale Factor: Scale factor for diagram output ratio
 

Reverse: Express the Diagram in the reverse direction.

Value Output: Produce the output in values.

MinMax Only: Show only the maximum and minimum values when Value Output is selected.

 

Value Option

Select an option to display the absolute maximum value or the center value when producing analysis results.

Max: Display the absolute maximum value among the plate element analysis results.

Element Center: Display the center value among the plate element analysis results.

 

Batch Output Generation ( , )

Given the types of analysis results for Graphic outputs, generate consecutively graphic outputs for selected load cases and combinations. A total number of files equal to the products of the numbers of checked items in the three columns of the dialog box below are created.

Assign a Base File Name under which the types of results (selection data in the Batch Output Generation dialog box for graphic outputs) are stored.
 

Specify the Base Files to perform Batch Output Generation, construction stages, load cases (combinations), steps, etc. in the following dialog box.

 

Batch Output Generation dialog box

 

Saved Menu-Bar Info's: Listed here are the Base Files. Select the Base File Names for Batch Output.

: Delete all the Base Files selected with the mouse.

When the construction stage analysis is carried out, all the construction stages are listed. We simply select the stages of interests to be included in the batch output. If no construction stage analysis is performed, the column in the dialog box becomes inactive and lists load (combination) conditions.

Stages
The results output of all the construction stages are produced. The construction stages are listed below.

Final Stage Loads
The results output for only the Final Stage are produced. The construction stages are listed below. If no construction stage analysis is performed, the load (combination) conditions are listed.

Use Saved
Apply only the (saved) step or load (combination) condition selected at the time of creating each Base File.

 

Stage LCase/LComb
When the construction stage analysis is carried out, the auto-generated construction stage load conditions and the additionally entered construction stage load combinations are listed. Check on only the load (combination) conditions that will be used to produce batch outputs. This column becomes inactive if 'Final Stage Loads'is selected or no construction stage analysis is carried out.

 

Step Option
Specify the steps for which the outputs will be produced when the construction stage analysis or large displacement geometric nonlinear analysis is performed.

Saved Step: Use only the steps used for creating the Base Files

All Steps: Use all the steps

 

Output Options

Output File Type
Select a Graphic File type, either BMP or EMF.

Auto Description: At the top left of the Graphic Outputs produced in batch, auto-generate and include the notes such as the types and components of the analysis results, construction stages and steps, load (combination) conditions, etc. The font size, color, type, etc. can be changed upon clicking the button .

Output Path
Specify the path for saving the graphic files to be produced in batch.

File Prefix: Specify the prefix of the Graphic Files to be created. The filenames will be consisted of "Prefix"_"Base File Name"_"Load Comb.".bmp(emf) or "Prefix"_"Base File Name"_"Stage"_"Stage LCase"_"Step".bmp(emf).

 

: Produce the specified batch Graphic Files reflecting the contents of the dialog box.

 

/

Produce the contents of data input in the Base Files and Batch Output Generation dialog box in a binary type file (fn.bog). Click the button and select a fn.bog to use the same output format.

Note
Import /Export is only meaningful for different projects. In a given structural model, the Base Files are automatically stored and listed.