New

[Define] Tab > [Property] > [Spring] > [General Spring]

Work Tree [Model] Tab > [Property] > [Other Property] > Right-Click > [Add General Spring]

Modify, Delete

Work Tree [Model] Tab > [Property] > [Other Property] > [List] > Right-Click > [Modify], [Delete]

Assign

Work Tree [Analysis] Tab > [Spring] > Right-Click > [Add General Spring]

Modify, Delete

Work Tree [Analysis] Tab > [Spring] > [Spring Set] > [List] > Right-Click > [Modify], [Delete]

< General Spring Dialog >

< General Spring Property Dialog >

General Spring Property

Name : Enter the name of General Spring to be created.

Spring Stiffness : Define 6 X 6 coupled matrix for nodal stiffness.

SDx-SDx: Spring stiffness in x-direction of GCS or node's local coordinate system (when node's coordinate system is declared)

SDx-SDy: Spring stiffness related to x- and y-direction of GCS or node's local coordinate system (when node's coordinate system is declared)

SRz-SRz: Rotational spring stiffness about z-direction of GCS or node's local coordinate system (when node's coordinate system is declared)

Damping Matrix : Define 6 X 6 damping matrix of nodal damping.

Generally spring is normally used to reflect the support stiffness of piles. Pile support stiffness related to each degree-of-freedom are considered in structural analysis.

In typical building structures, analysis models do not include the pile footings. Instead, boundary springs are assumed to exist at the bottom of foundation or at the pile caps. The following general stiffness offers true stiffness of pile elements. For batter piles, used Node's Local Axis to calculate the stiffness in the skewed directions.