This model is one of Hysteresis models for inelastic hinge, an extension was made to 2D and 3D solid elements. This model can be applied to simulate crack or local (plastic) failure. (Refer to inelastic hinge).  This model is applicable to all types of nonlinear static and dynamic analysis. (Nonlinear static, Construction Stage, Consolidation, Fully Coupled, SRM (Strength Reduction Method), Nonlinear Time History, Nonlinear Time History + SRM analysis.

[Nonlinear Parameters]

Following is the summary of parameters for the Modified Ramberg-Osgood model.

[Yield Function]

[Verification Example]