Check the stress distribution of solid elements in Contours.
Analysis results (stresses) for Moving Load Analysis can be now produced.
From the Main
Menu select Results
> Stresses > Solid Stresses.
Select Results
> Stresses > Solid Stresses in the Menu tab of
the Tree Menu.
Click Solid Stresses in the Icon Menu.
Load Cases/Combinations
Select a desired load case, load combination
or envelope case.
Click to the right to enter
new or modify existing load combinations. (Refer to "Load
Cases / Combinations")
Step
Specify the step for which the analysis results are to be produced. The
Step is defined in geometric nonlinear analysis as Load Step, and additional
steps are defined in the construction stages of highrise buildings or
heat of hydration analyses.
Note
1
The Construction Stage applicable for the output of the construction stage
analysis is defined in Select Construction Stage for Display or Stage
Toolbar.
Note 2
When pushover analysis is
performed for a structure containing Plate, Plane Stress or Solid elements,
the pushover analysis results for Plate, Plane Stress or Solid elements
can be produced by Steps.
Stress Options
Define options necessary to draw the stresses.
Local:
Display the stresses with respect to the element's local coordinate system.
UCS:
Display the stresses with respect to User Coordinate System.
Element
Display the contour using the element stresses calculated at each node
of the elements.
Avg. Nodal
Display the contour using the average nodal stresses of the contiguous
elements sharing the common nodes.
Avg. Nodal
Active Only
Execute Avg. Nodal for only currently active elements.
Components
Refer to Figures (a) and (b).
Select the desired stress component among
the following :
For UCS
Sig-XX:
Axial stress in GCS X-direction
Sig-YY:
Axial stress in GCS Y-direction
Sig-ZZ:
Axial stress in GCS Z-direction
Sig-XY:
Shear stress along the GCS Y-direction in the plane perpendicular to the
GCS X-axis
Sig-YZ:
Shear stress along the GCS Z-direction in the plane perpendicular to the
GCS Y-axis
Sig-XZ:
Shear stress along the GCS Z-direction in the plane perpendicular to the
GCS X-axis
Sig-P1:
Principal stress in the 1st principal axis direction
Sig-P2:
Principal stress in the 2nd principal axis direction
Sig-P3:
Principal stress in the 3rd principal axis direction
Max-Shear:
Maximum shear stress (Tresca Stress)
Sig-EFF:
Effective stress (von-Mises Stress)
Sig-Pmax:
Display the maximum numerical value among the absolute values of Sig-P1,
Sig-P2 and Sig-P3
For Local
Sig - xx:
Axial stress in the element's local x-direction (Perpendicular to local
y-z plane)
Sig - yy:
Axial stress in the element's local y-direction (Perpendicular to local
x-z plane)
Sig - zz:
Axial stress in the element's local z-direction (Perpendicular to local
x-y plane)
Sig - xy:
Shear stress along the local y-direction of element in the plane perpendicular
to the local x-axis of element
Sig - yz:
Shear stress along the local z-direction of element in the plane perpendicular
to the local y-axis of element
Sig - xz:
Shear stress along the local z-direction of element in the plane perpendicular
to the local x-axis of element
Vector:
Display the principal stresses in 3 principal axis directions in vectors
Vector
Scale Factor: Drawing scale for the vector diagram
(a)
Axial and Shear Stress Components (b)
Principal Stress Components
Type of Display
Define the type of display as follows:
Contour
Display the stresses of solid elements in
contour.
Ranges:
Define the contour ranges.
: Assign the color distribution
range of contour. Using the function, specific colors for specific ranges
can be assigned.
Note
Contour Range Max/Min values can be larger than the max/min output values.
If the
Contour Range values exceed the output values, they are entered at Rank
0 and Rank 11.
Number of
Colors: Assign the number of colors to be included in the contour
(select among 6, 12, 18, 24 colors)
Colors:
Assign or control the colors of the contour.
Color Table:
Assign the type of Colors.
: Control the colors by zones
in the contour.
Reverse
Contour: Check on to reverse the sequence of color variation in
the contour.
Contour
Line: Assign the boundary line color of the contour
Element
Edge: Assign the color of element edges while displaying the contour
Contour
Options: Specify options for contour representation
Contour Fill
Gradient
Fill: Display color gradient (shading) in the contour.
Draw Contour Lines: Display color boundaries in the contour.
Draw Contour
Line Only
Display only the colored boundaries of the contour.
Mono line:
Display the boundaries of the contour in a mono color.
Contour
Annotation
Legend or annotation signifying the ranges of the contour is displayed.
Spacing:
Specify the spacing of the legend or annotation.
Coarse Contour(faster) (for large plate or solid
model)
Represent a simplified contour for a large model using plate or solid elements
in order to reduce the time required to represent a complete contour.
Extrude
Where plate elements or solid elements along a cutting plane are represented
in contour, a three dimensional contour is created. The positive direction
of the analysis results is oriented in the z-axis direction of the local
element coordinate system.
The option
is not concurrently applicable with the Deformed Shape option. Similarly,
the option cannot be concurrently applied to the cases where the Hidden
option is used to display plate element thicknesses or the Both option
is used to represent Top & Bottom member forces (stresses).
Deform
Display the deformed shape of the model.
Deformation
Scale Factor
Magnify or reduce the size of the displacement graphically displayed in
the model window.
Deformation
Type
Select the type of display for displacement
Nodal Deform:
Display the deformed shape only with nodal displacements.
Real Displacement(Auto-Scale off): The true deformation
of the structure is graphically represented without magnifying or reducing
it. This option is typically used for geometric nonlinear analysis reflecting
large displacement.
Relative
Displacement: The deformation of the structure is graphically represented
relative to the minimum nodal displacement, which is set to "0"
Values
Display the stresses of solid elements in
numerical values.
The font and color of the numbers can be
controlled in Display
Option.
Decimal
Points: Assign decimal points for the displayed numbers.
Exp.: Express as exponentials.
Min &
Max: Display the maximum and minimum values.
Abs Max: Display the absolute maximum value.
Max: Display only the maximum value.
Min: Display only the minimum value.
Limit Scale (%): Set the screen display limit for stresses in solid
elements relative to the selected maximum or minimum value.
Set Orientation:
Display orientation of numerical values.
Note
The default Decimal Points can be controlled in "Preferences".
Set Orientation = 0 horizontally displays the numerical values to the right
of nodes or elements.
The orientation angle represents the counter-clockwise direction, which
may be used to enhance the readability of the numbers.
Legend
Display various references related to analysis
results to the right or left of the working window.
Legend Position:
Position of the legend in the display window
Rank Value
Type: Specify a type of values
in the Legend and the number of decimal points.
Animate
Dynamically simulate the stresses of the
solid elements.
Click then click Record to the right of the Animation control board at the
bottom of the working window.
Animation
Mode: Determine the type of animation for analysis results.
Animate
Contour: Option to change the color of the contour representing
the transition according to the magnitudes of variation
Repeat Half/Full Cycle: Select the repetition cycle for the dynamic
representation of the transition
Note
Select 'Half Cycle' for the transient shapes of a
structure and 'Full Cycle' for dynamically simulating vibration modes
or buckling modes.
AVI Options:
Enter the options required to produce the animation window.
Bits per
Pixel: Number of bits per pixel to create the default window for
animation
: Assign the method of compressing image data
Frames per Half Cycle (3~300): Number of frames to simulate a 'Half
Cycle'
Frames per Second (5~60): Number of frames per second to present
dynamic simulation
Construction
Stage Option: Select the animation options when the construction
stage analysis is performed.
Stage Animation:
Animations by construction stages
Current Stage-Step: Animations by Steps in the current construction
stage
From ~ To: Starting and ending construction stages or steps for
animations
Undeformed
Overlap the undeformed and deformed shapes
of the model.
Mirrored
"Mirrored" allows the user to expand the analysis results
obtained from a half or quarter model into the results for the full model
by reflecting planes.
Half Model Mirroring
Quarter Model Mirroring
Mirror by: Specify the mirror plane (s) by designating a plane and
a coordinate in the direction perpendicular to the plane in GCS.
Yield Point
If the analysis results produced by material
nonlinear analysis exceed the yield stress of Plastic
Material defined in Initial Uniaxial Yield Stress, Hinge is produced
at Gauss Point.
[Check the results obtained
from the analysis of masonry materials]
Figure
1. Principle stresses and crack positions ?under gravity loads
Figure
2. Principle stresses and cracks positions - under lateral loads
Cutting Plane
Graphically display the stresses of the solid
elements along a cutting plane.
Click to access the detail setting dialog box to define
the cutting plane to produce and view the solid element stresses.
Named Planes
for Cutting
Select a plane from the planes defined and ucs x-y, x-z & y-z planes.
Apply the cutting planes checked with "".
Outline
Type
Outline (highlight) the solid element model using the following options
to clearly view the stress distribution on the cutting plane.
Free Face:
Draw the outline of all the faces that are not in contact with other solid
elements.
Free Edge: Draw only the outline of the edges that are not in contact
with other solid elements.
: Detailed display options
for animation.
Animation
Option
Use the options in conjunction with Animate of Type of Display. The stress
contour of cut solid elements is animated according to the following options:
Global X
Sweep: Produce a stress contour animation for the cut plane by
moving the cutting plane toward GCS X-direction
Global Y Sweep: Produce a stress
contour animation for the cut plane by moving the cutting plane toward
GCS Y-direction
Global Z Sweep: Produce a stress
contour animation for the cut plane by moving the cutting plane toward
GCS Z-direction
Plane Normal Dir.: Produce a stress
contour animation for the cut plane by moving the cutting plane normal
to the plane
Rotating: Produce a stress contour
animation for the cut plane by rotating the cutting plane about UCS x,
y, z-axes by 360 degrees
IsoSurface
IsoSurface searches and displays the planes
of equal stresses resulting from Heat of Hydration analysis within the
solid elements.
IsoValue
Mode
Define the method of specifying the stresses to which the planes are subjected.
Relative(0~1)
Relative stress levels with the maximum and minimum values of 1 and 0 respectively
Value: True magnitudes of stress values
IsoSurface
Values
Click the button to enter a numerical value. Multiple entries
are possible.
: Click the button to delete data entries.
Draw
Polygon Outline
Polygonal boundaries of the planes of equal stresses are outlined. The
color of boundary lines is selected as the color of Element Edge in the
Contour Details dialog box.
Transparent (Screen only)
Assign a level of transparency for isosurfaces.
Model Outline
Outline (highlight) the solid element model using the following options
to clearly view the stress distribution on the planes of equal stresses.
The color of the outline is determined from the Color of Display Option
or Free Face/Edge of Element under the Print Color Tab.
Free Face:
Draw the outline of all the faces that are not in contact with other solid
elements.
Free Edge: Draw only the outline of the edges that are not in contact
with other solid elements.
Note
IsoSurface may be used in conjunction with the Animate Option. If one IsoSurface
value is entered, the planes of equal stresses are animated within the
range of the stress value and the maximum stress value. If two or more
stress values are entered, the range of animation starts from the stress
level that is lowest of all the values to the maximum value.
Batch Output Generation ( , )
Given
the types of analysis results for Graphic outputs, generate consecutively
graphic outputs for selected load cases and combinations. A total number
of files equal to the products of the numbers of checked items in the
three columns of the dialog box below are created.
Assign a Base File Name under which the types
of results (selection data in the Batch Output Generation dialog box for
graphic outputs) are stored.
Specify the Base Files to perform Batch Output
Generation, construction stages, load cases (combinations), steps, etc.
in the following dialog box.
Batch
Output Generation dialog box
Saved Menu-Bar
Info's: Listed here are the Base Files. Select the Base File Names
for Batch Output.
: Delete all the Base Files selected with the mouse.
When the construction stage analysis is carried
out, all the construction stages are listed. We simply select the stages
of interests to be included in the batch output. If no construction stage
analysis is performed, the column in the dialog box becomes inactive and
lists load (combination) conditions.
Stages
The results output of all the construction stages are produced. The construction
stages are listed below.
Final Stage
Loads
The results output for only the Final Stage are produced. The construction
stages are listed below. If no construction stage analysis is performed,
the load (combination) conditions are listed.
Use Saved
Apply only the (saved) step or load (combination) condition selected at
the time of creating each Base File.
Stage LCase/LComb
When the construction stage analysis is carried out, the auto-generated
construction stage load conditions and the additionally entered construction
stage load combinations are listed. Check on only the load (combination)
conditions that will be used to produce batch outputs. This column becomes
inactive if Final Stage Loads?is selected or no construction stage analysis
is carried out.
Step Option
Specify the steps for which the outputs will be produced when the construction
stage analysis or large displacement geometric nonlinear analysis is performed.
Saved Step:
Use only the steps used for creating the Base Files
All Steps:
Use all the steps
Output Options
Output
File Type
Select a Graphic File type, either BMP or EMF.
Auto Description:
At the top left of the Graphic Outputs produced in batch, auto-generate
and include the notes such as the types and components of the analysis
results, construction stages and steps, load (combination) conditions,
etc. The font size, color, type, etc. can be changed upon clicking the
button .
Output
Path
Specify the path for saving the graphic files to be produced in batch.
File Prefix:
Specify the prefix of the Graphic Files to be created. The filenames will
be consisted of "Prefix"_"Base File Name"_"Load
Comb.".bmp(emf) or "Prefix"_"Base File Name"_"Stage"_"Stage
LCase"_"Step".bmp(emf).
: Produce the specified batch
Graphic Files reflecting the contents of the dialog box.
/
Produce the contents of data input in the
Base Files and Batch Output Generation dialog box in a binary type file
(fn.bog). Click the button and select a fn.bog to use
the same output format.
Note
Import /Export is only meaningful for different projects. In a given structural
model, the Base Files are automatically stored and listed.